MES 的产生背景是什么？
当前许多企业已经做了很多信息化项目，包括 CRM , ERP, PLM, SCM, OA等。这些系统为企业的管理带来了不少收益。但是这些系统都未能支持到车间生产层面。企业上游管理与车间生产之间没有数据的传递。多数企业车间执行过程是依靠纸质的报表、手工操作实现上下游的沟通。这种方式非常低效，并且产生的数据不准确、不完整。使企业在生产方面无法准确进行各项分析，做到精细化管理。为企业的效益打了折扣。
同时，在 ERP 应用过程中，无法将计划实时，准确下达到车间，也无法实时准确获得车间生产的反馈，缺失了对生产的监控。要把 ERP 的计划与生产实时关联起来。MES 作为一个桥梁就应运而生，弥补了企业信息化架构断层的问题。
MES 的定义是什么？
MES是什么？MES(Manufacturing Execution System), 制造执行系统。是面向车间生产的管理系统。MESA 对 MES 的定义为：在产品从工单发出到成品完工的过程中，制造执行系统起到传递信息以优化生产活动的作用。在生产过程中，借助实时精确的信息、MES引导、发起、响应，报告生产活动。作出快速的响应以应对变化, MES减少无附加价值的生产活动，提高操作及流程的效率。MES提升投资回报、净利润水平、改善现金流和库存周转速度、保证按时出货。MES保证了整个企业内部及供应商间生产活动关键任务信息的双向流动。
MESA 提出了 MES 的功能组件和集成模型，定义了11个模块，包括：资源管理、工序管理、单元管理、生产跟踪、性能分析、文档管理、人力资源管理、设备维护管理、过程管理、质量管理和数据采集。
MES是位于上层计划管理系统与底层工业控制之间、 面向车间层的管理信息系统。它为操作人员、管理人员提供计划的执行、跟踪以及所有资源(人、设备、物料、客户需求等)的当前状态信息。
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本文为科普类文章，不作为选择建议或投资建议。
翻译：
What is the background of MES? What is the definition of MES?
What is the background of MES?
At present, many enterprises have done a lot of information projects, including CRM, ERP, PLM, SCM, OA and so on. These systems bring a lot of benefits to the management of enterprises. But none of these systems have been able to support the shop floor. There is no data transfer between upstream management and workshop production. The implementation process of most enterprise workshops relies on paper reports and manual operations to achieve upstream and downstream communication. This approach is highly inefficient and produces inaccurate and incomplete data. So that enterprises in the production can not be accurate analysis, to achieve fine management. The benefit of the enterprise has been discounted.
At the same time, in the process of ERP application, the plan cannot be reached in the workshop in real time and accurately, nor can the feedback of the workshop production be obtained in real time and accurately, and the monitoring of production is missing. Link ERP planning to production in real time. As a bridge, MES comes into being and makes up for the fault of enterprise information architecture.
What is the definition of MES?
What is MES? MES(Manufacturing Execution System) is a manufacturing execution system. It is a management system for workshop production. MESA defines MES as: during the process of product issuance from the work order to the finished product, the manufacturing execution system plays a role in transmitting information to optimize production activities. In the production process, with real-time accurate information, MES guide, initiate, respond, report production activities. By responding quickly to changes, MES reduces unadded value production activities and increases the efficiency of operations and processes. MES improves return on investment, net profit level, improves cash flow and inventory turnover speed, and ensures on-time shipments. MES ensures the two-way flow of mission-critical information of production activities within the entire enterprise and between suppliers.
MESA proposed the functional components and integration model of MES and defined 11 modules, including: resource management, process management, unit management, production tracking, performance analysis, document management, human resource management, equipment maintenance management, process management, quality management and data acquisition.
MES is a management information system that is located between the upper level plan management system and the lower level industrial control, and is oriented to the workshop level. It provides operators and managers with plan execution, tracking, and information on the current status of all resources (people, equipment, materials, customer requirements, etc.).