Travel to the UK - 9-16 August 2024 (Part 3)

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Wednesday afternoon, August 14 Light rain London temperature 17 to 24 degrees Celsius

n the afternoon, the excitement came to the place identified as the global zero longitude line - the Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO), which is located in the southeast suburb of Greenwich town, London. Greenwich Town consists of Greenwich Park, the Royal Observatory, the Maritime Museum, and the Royal Naval College.

The Royal Observatory at Greenwich was founded in 1675. In 1884, the meridian passing through this observatory was identified as the standard reference meridian for the global measurement of time and longitude, also known as the zero longitude. In 1997, the Royal Observatory was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In Greenwich, visitors can adjust their watches to the most standard time in the world.

In the 17th century, the British navigation industry achieved unprecedented development, and the sea navigation needed accurate longitude indication. At that time, Britain was expanding its power across the oceans, but sea navigation could only judge the latitude of the ship by the sun, the moon and the stars, but could not determine its longitude. The King believed that the study of the stars would provide support for ocean navigation, so the task of the Royal Observatory was to find a way to determine longitude and improve navigation and astronomy.

August 10, 1675. King Charles II ordered the laying of a cornerstone and the construction of the Greenwich Observatory began. After the observatory was completed, King Charles II created the post of Astronomer Royal, which was held by John Flamsteed. John Flamsteed worked on the correction of astronomical motion catalogs and the positions of stars. And responsible for measuring the correct longitude. By 1767 AD, after decades of research, the world's first chart was made. English seafarers could Orient their ships by the position of the stars. After 1835, the Greenwich Observatory under the leadership of the outstanding astronomer Eli, he was the first to use the "meridian ring" to determine the Greenwich mean solar time. On June 26, 1884, the International Longitude Conference passed a resolution to calculate the longitude of the Earth through the Greenwich Observatory as the prime meridian, that is, the zero longitude line; Greenwich as the starting point of the world time zone; Calibrate the time with the chronometer at the Greenwich Observatory. Greenwich has since become famous for its observatory. In 1924, the Greenwich Observatory for the first time broadcast time signals into space by the BBC, so that radio listeners around the world could correct their own clocks according to this time signal.

In particular, the copper wire embedded on the ground in the pavilion -- 0° longitude line attracts visitors from all over the world. Visitors here like to take photos with their feet on both sides of the 0° longitude line, symbolizing that they are pedaling east and west longitudes at the same time.

Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO)

On June 26, 1884, the International Longitude Conference passed a resolution to calculate the longitude of the Earth by the longitude line through the Greenwich Observatory, that is, the zero longitude line; Greenwich as the starting point of the world time zone; The time is calibrated by the timekeeping instrument at the Greenwich Observatory. The Greenwich Observatory has since become famous for this prime meridian.

The longitude of the countries of the world is marked on this prime meridian

On June 26, 1884, the International Longitude Conference passed a resolution to calculate the longitude of the Earth by the longitude line through the Greenwich Observatory, that is, the zero longitude line; Greenwich as the starting point of the world time zone; Calibrate the time with the chronometer at the Greenwich Observatory. The Greenwich Observatory has since become famous for this prime meridian.

In 1884, the meridian passing through the Greenwich Observatory was identified as the standard reference meridian for the global measurement of time and longitude, also known as the zero longitude. We have come here today to experience the sensation of standing on the 0° longitude.

On the wall beside the main door of the old site of the Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO) in Britain, there is a large 24-hour standard clock installed in 1851 AD, reporting the world standard time common to all countries, that is, Greenwich Time.

Outside the gates of Greenwich Observatory, the statue of James Wolfe in Greenwich Park, with the words "Victor of Quebec" on its pedestal, takes a photo

The town of Greenwich consists of Greenwich Park, the Royal Observatory, the Maritime Museum, the Old Royal Naval College Greenwich, and the Chambers of Queen Mary II.

Greenwich Town consists of Greenwich Park, the Royal Observatory, the Maritime Museum, the Old Greenwich Royal Naval College, and Queen Mary II's Chambers

An astronomical mirror at the Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO) in Greenwich, UK

The Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO) in Greenwich, UK

Thursday 15 August Fine London temperature 15 to 23 degrees Celsius

Early in the morning, while Bao Yun and Dian Dian were still resting, I walked from the hotel across the Royal Park to visit and take photos of the long-cherished Buckingham Palace. In the afternoon and mother-of-pearl Yun came here again, and entered the Buckingham Palace to visit, after the visit in the souvenir shop mother-of-Pearl bought two sets of porcelain bowls to keep as a souvenir.

Because it was built by the Duke of Buckingham, the core building of the palace was originally called Buckingham Palace, originally built in 1703, is a large townhouse connected by four central hollow, the main building is basically sitting west to east, in the 19th century, architects John Nash and Edward Blor expanded Buckingham Palace, They built three wings around the central courtyard. When Queen Victoria ascended the throne in 1837, Buckingham Palace became the London residence of the British monarch.

The facade of the palace is 355 feet (108 m) wide, 390 feet (120 m) deep and 80 feet (24 m) high, with a floor area of more than 830,000 square feet (77,000 m ²). There are 775 rooms in the palace, including 188 staff bedrooms, 92 offices, 78 bathrooms, 52 master bedrooms and 19 state rooms. The palace also houses a post office, a cinema, a swimming pool, a doctor's surgery and a jewellery workshop. The royals live in a small suite of private rooms in the north wing.

A few days after arriving in London. Just to understand a little geographical distribution, located in the west of London James Park (St. James Park), Buckingham Palace is in the political center of London, and the whole picture of Buckingham Palace is overlooked from the west. To the southeast is the Palace of Westminster (the Houses of Parliament) and government departments.

A general view of Buckingham Palace from the southeast.

Buckingham Palace is a royal residence in London, England, and the administrative headquarters of the British monarch. It is the principal residence and office of the British monarch in London. Located in the City of Westminster in Greater London, the Palace is one of the venues for national celebrations and royal welcomes, as well as an important tourist attraction. Buckingham Palace has also been an important meeting place during moments of celebration or crisis in British history. Between 1703 and 1705, John Sheffield, Duke of Platinham and Normanby, built a large town hall building, Buckingham House, which forms the main building today, and was acquired by George III in 1761 and used as a private residence. Construction continued for more than 75 years, and in 1837, after Queen Victoria's accession to the throne, Buckingham Palace became the official residence of the British king. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the public facade of the palace was built, forming the image of Buckingham Palace that continues to this day. The palace currently has 775 rooms, of which the garden is the largest private garden in London. Buckingham Palace is open to the public, and the famous Praetorian Guard handover ceremony is held every morning, which has become a major landscape of British royal culture.

Photograph Buckingham Palace from the northeast side

In the middle of the square at Buckingham Palace stands the gilded Queen Victoria Memorial, Buckingham Palace

Buckingham Palace photo shoot

The main entrance to Buckingham Palace

Side entrance to Buckingham Palace

In the middle of the square at Buckingham Palace stands the gilded Queen Victoria Memorial "Charity," topped by the winged Goddess of Victory.

In the middle of the square at Buckingham Palace stands the gilded Queen Victoria Memorial

Thegoldplated Queen Victoria Memorial stands in the center of the plaza, topped by the winged goddess of Victory. (Front photo)

In the middle of the square at Buckingham Palace stands the gilded Queen Victoria Memorial "Justice," topped by the winged goddess of Victory. (South side photo)

In the middle of the square at Buckingham Palace stands the gilded Queen Victoria Memorial "Justice," topped by the winged goddess of Victory. (North side photo)

On the top stands the goddess of victory "victory" with "tenacity" and "courage".

Buckingham Palace square monument sculpture named "the science and art" "naval and military forces" "harvest" of "progress" "production" to "manufacturing" "peace" "perseverance" "courage" "victory" toughness "the truth" "truth", "justice" "charity" "love"

Buckingham Palace Square sculpture "Science and Art"

Buckingham Palace Square sculpture 'made'

Buckingham Palace Square sculpture "Peace"

Buckingham Palace's Square sculpture 'Harvest'

After visiting Westminster Abbey in The morning, in the afternoon you will walk to The Mall ‌ Buckingham Palace Avenue, also known as the Mall, is an important road in central London, England. From Buckingham Palace in the west to Admiralty Arch and Trafalgar Square in the east. The road is closed to traffic on Sundays, public holidays and major ceremonial days, thus creating a solemn and solemn atmosphere. The Mall was built for major ceremonies, with St. James's Park to the south and Green Park and St. James's Palace to the north. To the east of the Mall is Horse Guard's Parade, where the annual ceremony of Trooping the Colour is held to celebrate the birthday of the Queen. In addition, the Mall can also serve as an airstrip in case of emergency to assist in the evacuation of members of the royal family, showing its importance in terms of national security. This spacious street, decorated with national flags on both sides of the lampposts and roadside sculptures, is a unique London landscape. The Queen Victoria Memorial stands in front of the Palace Gate, while the Admiralty Gate is at the other end of the road leading to the square.

White swans in James Park, London

Take a photo in London's St. James's Park

White swans in London's James Park (St

White swans swim in London's St. James's Park

The Guard Division War Memorial

Horse Guards Parade for a photo

The Duke of York and Albany Prince Frederick columns in Horse Guards Parade

Royal Artillery Boer War Memorial. It is located on the south side of the Mall in central London, near the junction with Horse Guards Road at the northeast corner of St James's Park. It was unveiled in 1910 to commemorate 1,083 members of the Royal Artillery who died in the Second Boer War from 1899 to 1902. The monument has been listed as a historic building since 1970.

The Mall in St James's Park is a grand parade route in honour of Queen Victoria

Take a photo of the Mall at St James's Park

St James' Park

Buckingham Palace Square flower bed photo

Buckingham Palace Square for a photo

The Victoria Memorial in London

Buckingham Palace photo shoot

Walk to the West Gate of Buckingham Palace and enter Buckingham Palace with a ticket. The contents of the open tour include some rooms of the palace, the precious art collection of the Royal Collection and the luxurious palace rooms. Buckingham Palace, the official residence of the British monarch, is open to the public and consists mainly of the rooms of the palace and the Royal collection of valuable works of art. The opening of Buckingham Palace allows tourists to get close to the life and culture of the British royal family. By visiting Buckingham Palace, tourists can deeply understand the history, culture and tradition of the United Kingdom, and experience the history and luxury style of the British royal family. At the same time, the opening of Buckingham Palace also reflects the importance the royal family attaches to public transparency and its commitment to the protection of cultural heritage ‌. (No photos can be taken during indoor visits here)

Queen Elizabeth II hosted a state dinner for U.S. President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama at Buckingham Palace on August 5, 2015.

Made in Australia, the king and queen rode in it to the coronation carriage

Buckingham Palace has State Rooms, which are used for offices, events and VIP receptions. There are yellow rooms, green rooms, blue rooms and the State Dining Room.

The State rooms, the ornately decorated public rooms where the monarch received, rewarded and entertained her subjects, these rooms were decorated with gleaming candlesticks, dazzling wallpaper, fine furniture and priceless works of art by world-renowned painters such as Van Dyck, Rembrandt and Ganaletto. Their value is unimaginable because each painting is irreplaceable.

The State Rooms tour takes place indoors and consists of several large rooms and halls on two floors, leaving via a long outdoor gravel path through the garden.

We toured the 19 ornate State rooms in the west wing of the palace, where the British royal family meets and hosts official visitors.

Visit Buckingham Palace to the luxurious Ballroom and the fantastic Throne Room.

The State Rooms are home to many treasures from the royal collection, including paintings by Van Dyck and Ganaleto, sculptures by Canova, Sevres porcelain and some of the finest English and French furniture in the world.

Visit Buckingham Palace and take pictures

Taking pictures in the back garden of Buckingham Palace

Visit Buckingham Palace and take pictures

Taking pictures in the back garden of Buckingham Palace

Two sets of exquisite China cups were purchased at the Buckingham Palace souvenir shop as souvenirs

Take pictures in the souvenir shop at Buckingham Palace

Coronation photos of their Majesties the King and Queen in the Buckingham Palace souvenir shop

The back garden of Buckingham Palace

Cold Drinks in the back garden of Buckingham Palace

The back garden of Buckingham Palace

Old trees in the back garden of Buckingham Palace

Flowers in the back garden of Buckingham Palace

In the morning, I was very honored to visit the world famous Westminster Abbey (Westminster Abbey, commonly known as Westminster Abbey), because Westminster Cathedral is one of the most lofty and magnificent churches in the world, its appearance is magnificent and elegant decoration is exquisite. The whole building is golden and quiet, and is considered to be a masterpiece of English Gothic architecture. It has witnessed the thousands of years of vicissitudes of the Thames, causing people to the infinite emotion of the charming characters through the ages, triggering the visitors' nostalgia. It is not only the finest Gothic building in Britain, but also a rare historical museum. In 1987, according to the Cultural Heritage selection criteria (i)(ii)(iv), Westminster Abbey (also translated as Westminster Abbey), together with the Palace of Westminster and St. Margaret's Church, was approved by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee as a cultural Heritage site on the World Heritage List.

Westminster Abbey, located on the north bank of the River Thames in London, was originally a Catholic Benedictine Abbey, built in 960 AD, expanded in 1045, completed in 1065, and rebuilt between 1220 and 1517.

Westminster Abbey, also known as "Westminster Abbey", is located in central London, near the Houses of Parliament. Westminster Abbey, built in the Gothic style, has been the site of major royal events, such as royal weddings, coronations, etc., and is the burial place of 30 Kings and queens. In addition to monarchs, it is also the resting place of many nobles, poets, writers, scientists and other celebrities, such as Newton, Darwin, Dickens, Hawking are buried in the church.

Westminster Abbey for a photo shoot

The statue of the Virgin Child above the main entrance of Westminster Abbey in London, England."

With more than 600 monuments and wall tablets, this breathtaking monastery is the most important collection of monumental sculpture in the country.

The statue of the Virgin Child above the main entrance of Westminster Abbey in London, England."

With more than 600 monuments and wall tablets, this breathtaking monastery is the most important collection of monumental sculpture in the country.

Westminster Abbey This ancient church is a magnificent structure, decorated magnificently, the exterior is built in the Latin style of the cross. The main entrance to the church, facing west, consists of two square towers of all-stone structure, designed in the 18th century by the students of Wren, the designer of St. Paul's Church, the twin towers are very spectacular. The main part of the church is 156 meters long and 22 meters wide. There is a side porch on each side of the church, which is equipped with a spacious porch. The church is 11.6 meters wide, and the upper vault is 31 meters high, which is the highest Gothic vault in Britain. Such a structure appears to be narrow, tall and tall. The transept has a total length of 62 meters, and at the intersection of the transept there are four large piers to support the upper dome. To the west of the dome is the choir seat, to the east is the altar. The bell tower is 68.5 meters tall and magnificent. The whole building is classical and solemn, tall and simple, the arch stone carvings are exquisite and detailed, and the upright columns point to the sky. At the very top of the church stood spires of stained glass, towering into the sky, sculpted and exquisite. Looking up, there is a sense of mystery and mystery as high as heaven. The high Windows around the church are decorated with colorful stained glass, which adds a bit of elegance and splendor to the solemn tone of the grey church. Westminster's colonnades are magnificent, arches are carved beautiful, screen decoration is exquisite, colorful glass, two towering towers, the whole building is both resplendent, but also quiet and solemn, its exquisite luxury and magnificence for the crown of the British church, worthy of the masterpiece of British Gothic architecture. Westminster Abbey is made of stone and mainly consists of two parts: a church and a monastery. There is a temple, wing gallery, bell tower and other church composition. Enter the arch-dome of the church, walk through the solemn but somewhat grey passageway, and suddenly enter the magnificent inner hall. The broad, high and complex dome of the church is beautifully decorated, and the chandelier hanging from the dome is gorgeous and colorful. The ground is covered with a magnificent red carpet, leading to the altar covered with bright red velvet and decorated in gold, this is the royal coronation and royal wedding.

Behind the altar is a three-story tomb, the Tomb of Edward. In front of the altar, there is a pointed green chair, which is the throne that emperors sat on when they were crowned, and it is said to be an antique with a history of more than 700 years and has been used until now. Beneath the throne is a sacred stone from Scotland called the Scoon. The throne and the sacred Stone are the treasures of the English town state.

Westminster Abbey (Westminster Abbey) floor plan, you will not see this picture until you visit.

Take a picture of Westminster Abbey

The magnificent Westminster Abbey is the holy land of the United Kingdom, and has a prominent position in many churches in the United Kingdom, which can be said to be the highest status church in the United Kingdom. In addition to members of the royal Family, great figures in many fields of Britain are also buried here. The British therefore call Westminster Abbey "the spire of honor", and believe that it is the supreme glory to occupy a place here after death. The famous "Poets' Corner" is located in the middle of the church to the south of the tunnel. Here lie many famous poets and novelists. For example, Chaucer, the "poet saint" of England in the 14th century, is buried here. There is also a special "memorial window" around the tomb, which depicts scenes from his famous work, The Canterbury Tales. He was laid to rest with Tennyson and Browning, both of whom were great poets of some time. Famous novelist Stephen Hardy and 1907 Nobel Prize winner Kipling are also buried here. In the center of Poets' Corner are buried side by side the famous German composer Handel and Dickens, the most outstanding realist writer of the 19th century. There are also some writers who died and were buried elsewhere, but they still erected monuments here to write biographies, such as the famous "Paradise Lost" author Milton and the Scottish poet Burns, enjoy this glory. In the north gallery of the church, there are also many monuments to musicians and scientists. The most famous of these is Isaac Newton, who was the first natural scientist in human history to receive a state funeral. His grave is in the centre of the front hall of Westminster Abbey, with a statue of Newton towering above it and a large earth commemorating his scientific achievements. In addition, the founder of evolutionary culture, biologist Charles Darwin, the discoverer of Uranus, astronomer Hershel and many other scientists are buried here. Westminster Abbey also houses the remains of many famous British politicians such as Churchill and Chamberlain. Later, due to limited space, some of the graves of great men were moved to St. Paul's Cathedral. In addition, the rolls of British officers and soldiers killed in the two World Wars are kept in the church. There is also a tomb of unknown heroes in the middle of the church courtyard for people to stop and mourn here.

The nave is located at the western end of the monastery and contains the tombs and monuments of many famous people. To the left of the screen is a monument to Sir Isaac Newton, and surrounded by red poppies is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, which commemorates the thousands of unknown soldiers who died in the war between 1914 and 1918.

Surrounded by red poppies is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, which commemorates the thousands of unknown soldiers who died in the 1914-18 war.

The choir screen at Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey choir screen

In March 1727, after attending a regular meeting of the Royal Society, Newton suddenly fell ill and returned to his home in Kenya, near London, where he died before dawn on 20 March at the age of 84. His last words are said to have been: I do not know what the world thinks of me. But I think of myself as a child playing on the seashore, and rejoicing in finding now a few bright stones, and now a few beautiful shells. The vast ocean of truth still lay before us. Newton is buried in Westminster Abbey (Westminster Abbey). Above his grave, in the middle of the front hall of Westminster Abbey, in the nave, stands a statue of Newton, resting on a pile of books, his hands unclasped. He was accompanied by two angels and a giant earth to commemorate his scientific achievements. The inscription on his tombstone reads: "Let it be celebrated that such a great human glory once existed in the world."

The Newton monument stands next to the chancery screen in the nave, north of the chancery entrance. The monument was completed by sculptor Michael Rysbrack (1694-1770) based on a design by architect William Kent (1685-1748). The monument was completed in August 1730 and unveiled the following year.

The monument is made of white and grey marble. Its base has a Latin inscription and supports a sarcophagus with large scroll feet and relief plates. The relief depicts the boys using instruments associated with Newton's work in mathematics and optics. One holds a telescope, one looks through a prism, and the other balances the sun and planets on a steel frame. Others depict Newton's activities as master of the mint (producing the kingdom's coins) - these figures hold coin jars where a piece of metal (a metal bar) is placed into a furnace.

Above the sarcophagus is a reclining statue of Newton, dressed in classical costume, with his right elbow resting on several books that represent his great works. The margins of these books are marked "Theology", "Chronology", "Optics" [1704], and "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" [1686-7]. His left hand points to a scroll with a mathematical pattern painted on it (the "Convergence series"), and two boys with wings stand holding it. The painting on the scroll was erased or erased in the early 19th century and repainted in 1977 based on details from Newton's manuscript. In the background is a pyramid with a celestial sphere bearing the signs of the zodiac, constellations, and the trajectory of the comet in 1680. At the top of the celestial sphere sits a statue of Urania (the Muse of astronomy) leaning on a book. At either end of the pedestal are his coat of arms, two St Andrew's cross-shaped tibia, located within a decorative swirl.

The monument originally stood on the flat front of the choir screen, but when Edouard Blore redesigned the screen in 1834, it was enclosed within the present decorative arch.

inscription

The inscription reads as follows:

Knight Isaac Newton is buried here, and with his almost divine wisdom and unique mathematical principles, he explored the motion and shape of the planets, the paths of comets, the tides of the oceans, the differences in light, and the resulting properties of color that no other scholar had ever imagined. Diligent, wise, and faithful, he demonstrated the powerful and benevolent majesty of God in his philosophy and expressed the simplicity of the Gospel in his manner in his interpretations of nature, antiquity, and Scripture. The mortals rejoice that mankind has such a great man! He was born on December 25, 1642 and died on March 20, 1726.

The Knight Isaac Newton Monument

The south transept of the church is Poets' Corner, where more than 100 poets and writers are gathered in the cemetery and monument, we are familiar with the writers buried here are Charles Dickens, and there are monuments or memorial statues or stained glass, including Shakespeare, Jane Austen, the three Bronte sisters, Wilde and so on.

This is a monument to William Shakespeare and other poets.

Tomb of the Bronte Sisters

The south transept of the church is Poets' Corner

Westminster Abbey is the place where Kings are crowned and held wedding celebrations, and is also the location of the royal mausoleum of the United Kingdom, it can be said that Westminster Abbey is a stone history of the British royal family. The cathedral is adjacent to the imposing Houses of Parliament and the sky-high Big Ben clock tower, whose 14-ton bell gives a deep clang that is broadcast around the world on television and radio. The River Thames flows slowly through Westminster, nursing the souls of 4,000 men buried in the cathedral. Every day, believers and tourists from all over the world come to visit the cathedral; On weekends and holidays, there are long lines of tourists waiting outside the gate to visit. People come here in an endless stream to admire the portraits of their ancestors, appreciate the magnificent Royal Chapel, and feel the splendid history and culture of Britain.

Westminster Cathedral is one of the most magnificent churches in the world, its appearance is magnificent, the decoration is exquisite, the whole building is brilliant and quiet, is considered to be the masterpiece of English Gothic architecture. It has witnessed the thousands of years of vicissitudes of the Thames, causing people to the infinite emotion of the charming characters through the ages, triggering the visitors' nostalgia. It is not only the finest Gothic building in Britain, but also a rare historical museum.

Westminster Abbey is the place where Kings have been crowned and married. The chancel was designed by George Gilbert Scott in 1867

Westminster Abbey is the place where Kings were crowned and held wedding celebrations

On September 19, 2022, the funeral of Queen Elizabeth II was held at Westminster Abbey. Her coronation in 1953 was also to take place in Westminster Abbey, where all but two Kings, Edward V and Edward VIII, were crowned and seated on the throne. Even after a hundred years, they all lie in the temple. Voltaire, who attended Newton's funeral in 1726, was deeply moved. He said, "When you walk into Westminster Abbey, you will see not the tombs of Kings, but a monument of the nation's gratitude to the greatest men who have graced it." This is the English respect for talent."

The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II took place on 2 June 1953 at Westminster Abbey in London, England.

The coronation of King Charles III took place in Westminster Abbey on May 6, 2023

The Coronation Chair, also known as St. Edward's Throne, is the throne used for the coronation of English Kings, commissioned by Edward I in 1296. From 1308 to the present day, all Kings and queens, with the exception of Mary I and Mary II, have been crowned from this chair. In addition, a Stone of Scone is placed under the throne during the coronation ceremony, which is a symbol of royal power and is now stored in Edinburgh Castle and transported back to Westminster Abbey during the coronation ceremony.

The Quire

The wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton was held at The Quire on 29 April 2011.

Take pictures at The Quire

The Lady Chapel, also known as the Henry VII Lady Chapel, is ornate in its late medieval fan-shaped vaults and stained glass. Fifteen Kings and queens are buried here, including Elizabeth I, Mary I and Mary Queen of Scots, as well as the remains of Edward V and Richard, Duke of York (the "Prince in the Tower"). Below the central aisle is the Hanover Crypt, where George II and his family are buried. The Stuart Crypt is located in the south aisle, where Charles II, William III and Mary II and Queen Anne are buried.

Since 1725, it has been used for the investiture of Knights of the Order of the Bath, and the coloured flag of the living knight hangs here. The seats are decorated with bronze MEDALS of current and former knights, engraved with their family crest. The monarch and the Grand Master of the Order usually make new knights in the church every four years.

The Church of Our Lady is dedicated to the Virgin Mary

Tomb of Elizabeth I

Tomb statues of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York

Not far from the tomb of Henry VII, the first Tudor king, also houses the tomb and portrait of another lesser-known member of the dynasty - Henry's mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby. Her status was comparable to that of her son and her more famous grandson Henry VIII. With the exception of her great-granddaughter Elizabeth I, no woman has contributed so much to the power and legacy of the Tudors.

Behind the altar is the tomb of St. Edward the Confessor (builder of Westminster Abbey, Anglo-Saxon monarch, canonized in 1161).

Elizabeth I's grave

Around the tomb of St. Edward are the tombs of five other monarchs,

William Thain Altar Tomb. Died March 14, 1564. As a young man he travelled through much of Europe, fighting with undauntless courage against the Scots at Marceburg.

Philippa Mohen, Duchess of York, died in 1431.

On 14 January 1727, Lady Essex Roberts was buried in St. John the Evangelist Church in Westminster Abbey, but she has no memorial or tombstone. She was the daughter of Robert Roberts, Viscount Bodwyn (son of Lord Radnor I), and his wife Sarah (Bodwell).

Catherine monument

Catherine Domina, Lady St. John of Bledsoe was buried in March 1615. Above the pedestal is inscribed the inscription: Sacred in memory of Lady Catherine of St John, daughter of William Dormer, Knight.

A memorial in Westminster Abbey to Sarah, Duchess of Somerset, who died in 1692 at the age of 61。

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Sarah, Duchess of Somerset, died in 1692 at the age of 61 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, where an impressive monument can still be seen today. The text, translated from Latin, reads as follows: Here is buried the late Duchess of Somerset, known for her charity and benevolence, who founded a grammar school for boys at Tottenham in Middlesex, increased the income of Westminster Greencoat Hospital, and gave large donations to Brasenose College, Oxford, and St John's College, Cambridge, for the education and training of young people in piety and fine literature; She also encouraged crafts and crafts, and cared for the elderly, establishing an alms-house for thirty widows in Froxfield, Wiltshire: she was very kind to the poor at St Margaret's Church, Westminster, where she gave lectures and presented many solemn ornaments to the church. She died on 25 October 1692. Nowadays, many old Mancunians will remember having won the Somerset Scholarship and the Somerset Iver Exhibition Award from Oxford and Cambridge universities, which were awarded until the 1970s.

Cecil's tomb in Westminster Abbey. A portrait of Anne Cecil (top) and her mother Mildred Cook (bottom). Mildred's husband and Anne's father William Cecil, Baron Burghley, is above. On the left is Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, son of Burley and Mildred. On the right are Anne Cecil's three daughters (Elizabeth, Bridget and Susan de Vere).

The Monument to Jane and Edward Talbot, 8th Earl of Shrewsbury, 1561-1618, is located in St Edmund's Church in Westminster Abbey. The monument was created by sculptor William Wright and commissioned by Jane Talbot, who died in 1626, and consists of two recumbent figures made of marble and alabaster that sit beneath an arch bearing a large family crest

A large memorial to Winifred, Marchioness of Winchester, in St Nicholas Chapel, Westminster Cathedral. On the statue is a statue of Winifred, her sons Thomas Sackville, Lord Buckhurst, and her daughter Anne, kneeling on the pedestal in front of the tomb, and a statue of a baby girl, apparently a dead baby, on the small sarcophagus.

Bronze bust of Sir Thomas Richardson, 1569-1635). Judge and Speaker of the House of Commons, is buried on the south side of Westminster Abbey. He was educated at Christ's College, Cambridge, and went to Lincoln's Inn (to become a solicitor). King James I knighted him and appointed him Chief Justice of the Court of Civil Procedure. His decision not to have John Felton, the Duke of Buckingham's assassin, hanged in order to force him to confess, marked a new era in criminal jurisprudence. His second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Beaumont and widow of Sir John Ashburnham.

The Latin inscription on the bronze plaque can be translated as: "To God, the best and greatest." Sir Thomas Richardson, his only son, was created a Baron of Scotland, in tribute to his incomparable father."

The tomb of Sir George Villiers and his wife Mary, Countess of Buckingham, is located in the Church of St Nicholas in Westminster Abbey

Memorial to John Russell (sometimes referred to as Baron Russell). John Russell was born in 1553, the son of Francis II, Earl of Bedford. In January 1581, John was called to Parliament as Lord Russell. He died on 24 July 1584.

The burial place of Mildred Cook (died 1589) and her daughter Anne Cecil (died 1588) and her daughter Susan de Vere (died 1629).

Sir Thomas Hesketh Memorial

Norris Monument

A memorial to Lord Henry Norris (circa 1601) and his wife Margaret in the East passage of the North Transept. The couple's son kneels around the central burial chamber and statue, although the couple is not actually buried here.

Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 and died on 19 April 1882

British scholar Charles Darwin is the originator of the theory of natural selection and the founder of modern biology

Darwin's tomb near Newton's

Lord Claude Showell, Admiral and Commander-in-Chief of the fleet, died on 22 October 1707 aged 57. Large marble sculptures, including a statue of Chauvel reclining on a sofa in a wig and Roman costume, have a sunken ship carved into a rectangular base. Two pairs of green marble columns support a draped valance that meets at the top to form a semi-circular installation topped by a lion's head. Two winged angels stood on top of the pillar, one holding a shield.

Memorial to Colonel Philip de Sausmarez in Westminster Abbey (1710-1747) He was a British naval officer best known for his time as Captain of HMS Nottingham capturing the French battleship Mars and for his circumnavigation of the globe as aide-de-aide to George Anson (1st Baron Anson). He designed the first uniforms for the Royal Navy.

Sir John Franklin (1786-1847), flanked by inscriptions explaining how Franklin and his crew died while searching for the Northwest Passage; And how his widow, Jane, erected a memorial here after her death in 1885.

The Memorial to Dr Hugh Chamberlain in Westminster Abbey, made of white, grey, black and gold marble, features a portrait of Hugh Chamberlain lying on a mattress in doctor's robes. He had one arm on the mat, and the other arm was holding a book. On the left is the Statue of Health, originally holding the serpent of Asclepius and a cup. On the other side is the Statue of Longevity, her hand resting on a shield carved with a lion and an eagle. One little winged angel held a garland and trumpet, the other a circular portrait of a woman. The monument was erected in 1731

The Monument to Lady Elizabeth Nightingale (died 1731) was designed by Louis Francois Roubiliac. Death appears from below, aiming a spear at the dying Elizabeth as her husband tries in vain to protect her. Although the Grim Reaper has now lost its jaw, it remains one of the most influential and terrifying sculptures in Westminster Abbey.

The tomb of Sir Bernard Brocas (1330-1395). His family originally came from Gascony, France, where they fought for the British. Brocas was a favorite knight of Edward the Black Prince, son of Edward III, and fought at the battles of Poitiers and Crecy. He became an attendant to Queen Richard II, Anne of Bohemia. He married for the first time around 1354, when he married Agnes, daughter of Sir Mogel Varvasur of York, whom he later divorced. The second time was in 1361, when he married Mary, daughter of Sir John de Roches. Both of these ladies are heiresses. Sir Bernard was appointed Royal Master of Hounds, a position inherited by his descendants for three centuries. Sir Hugh Tyrrell's widow Catherine became his third wife in 1382.

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Fifteen Kings and queens are buried here, including Elizabeth I, Mary I, Mary Queen of Scots, William III and Mary II, and Queen Anne.

People who come to worship at the church every day light candles here.

To the south of the church is the Benedictine monastery, founded in the 13th century, which is a square courtyard surrounded by open arcades with many ancillary buildings. In addition, on the southeast side of the monastery courtyard, there is the Treasury room and the underground chapel. The latter is a rectangular hall, now the temple museum, where the statues of Kings, queens and nobles were placed in open coffins for burial. These statues are modelled after the face of death, the shape is realistic and vivid. Among them, the statue of Edward III (1312-1377) is the oldest, and the statue of the British Vice Admiral Viscount Nelson is the most exquisite, known as "the embodiment of the authority of the sea", the most outstanding naval commander in British history, who defeated Napoleon in a naval battle, and eventually led to the latter's Waterloo defeat.

Located in the East Cloister, the Pyx Chamber is one of the oldest parts of Westminster Abbey. The vault dates back to 1070 and was used as a monk's quarters, sacristy and Treasury. The entrance has two 14th-century oak doors.

The Abbey is a place where the monks of Westminster Abbey exercise, meditate and walk between the church and the Abbey buildings. The monastery leads to the Eucharist, the Council Chamber and the garden. In the Abbey, you can also see the oldest door in England.

The Abbey is a place where the monks of Westminster Abbey exercise, meditate and walk between the church and the Abbey buildings. The monastery leads to the Eucharist, the Council Chamber and the garden.

Westminster Abbey souvenir shop

After dinner, she took us to visit Piccadilly Circus in London. Like and New York Times Square comparable to the function of the night city, but the scale and cultural entertainment, business atmosphere can not be compared with New York Times Square, came here impressed is the Chinese food city, two streets dozens of restaurants are relatively prosperous.

London's Piccadilly Circus, the entertainment hub of Soho, was designed by Nash in 1819 to fulfil the Regent's dream of connecting Carlton House and Regent's Park. This lively intersection is centered on the statue of Love, and in the center of the square stands a statue of Eros standing on one foot by Prince Albert, the first statue to be cast in aluminum. The idol became a symbol of London. The aluminum statue is not actually the God of love, but a Christian angel of universal love. It commemorates Anthony Ashleigh Cooper, the seventh Duke of Shaftesbury (1801-1885), a philanthropist and politician who fought hard to improve the condition of factory and colliery workers, as well as chimney sweepers and the mentally ill. Now it is often used as a meeting place, and the statue of the little goddess of Love is always crowded with Londoners. Piccadilly Circus was the first place in London to set up illuminated advertising signs in the 1890s. Now it is also an important meeting place, where fans come to party after football matches; People toast each other here at midnight on New Year's Eve.

In the center stands a one-legged statue of Eros, the Christian angel of fraternity, sculpted by Prince Albert,

Piccadilly Circus was the first place in London to set up illuminated advertising signs in the 1890s.

A view of Piccadilly Circus in London

The cultural life of the citizens entertaining themselves in the square (mostly Indian) and the very monotonous and vulgar black somersault artists perform, but it can also attract many people to stop and watch.

Artists paint on the spot

London's Piccadilly Circus is the entertainment hub of Soho's night market, many of which are shops selling low-quality tourist goods. It has fallen far behind the commodity level of China's metropolises.

London's Piccadilly Circus is the entertainment hub of Soho's night marke

Gallego Specialty store in a prominent location in the city

Not far from Piccadilly Circus is London Chinatown also known as Chinatown or London Chinatown, London Chinatown is located in the expensive SOHO district of central London.

Friday 16 August Fine London temperature 16 to 24 degrees Celsius

Today is the last day of my tour in London, England, and I will take a Delta Air Lines flight back to my home in New York in the afternoon.

Continue to Buckingham Palace in the morning to watch the famous Praetorian Guard handover ceremony every morning, which has become a major landscape of British royal culture.

It is nearly noon every day, on the square of Buckingham Palace in London, the British capital, the daily change of the Royal Guard ceremony. At a quarter past noon, a group of soldiers in bearskin hats, red flannel uniforms and black trousers marched into the square, guided by a drum and flute band and a cavalry. After the guards who came to change finished various fancy exercises, the officers on both sides of the succession saluted each other, and the soldiers raised their guns to salute each other. Then the off-duty guards filed out of Buckingham Palace. This is the British Royal Guard.

The Royal Guard is a "guard force" under the British Army, specially for the security of the British royal family, especially the monarch. Among the armies of all countries in the world, there is a unique force, that is the British Royal Guard. It can be said that there are very few troops like this army, and they have maintained the same traditions, the same dress, the same etiquette, the same style of work for centuries, and this tradition has been unchanged for centuries.

The British Royal Guard not only undertakes the duties of guarding the homes of the British Royal family and British political figures, but also participates in many British wars and plays a decisive role in many important battles. Therefore, in the eyes of most British people, the Royal Guard is a symbol of the excellent tradition of Britain, and it is also a symbol of the long-term stability of the British constitutional monarchy.

The Royal Guard is the most elite unit in the British Army. The Royal Guard attaches great importance to using various forms to cultivate the special "Royal Guard spirit" of soldiers, so that they feel the pride of belonging to a Royal Guard regiment. Each regiment has its own cap badge, dress identification symbol, name and slogan, animal talisman and ritual of the regiment's own, as well as the regimental song and so on.

Soldiers in the Royal Guard are selected from the various armies and then placed in the Royal Guard of Honour barracks near Buckingham Palace for training.

In addition to running and shooting training every day, these recruits also need to learn to use a variety of attack artillery and be good at riding. Height and weight requirements "twin brothers" as neat and uniform, and good-looking, loud voice, fully reflects the British military style. The guards also wore heavy military armor and long military boots, which alone were too heavy for ordinary people to walk. Therefore, if you want to be a royal guard, you must have the qualities of being able to carry weight and withstand high temperatures.

Members of the British Royal Guard wear bearskin caps and red uniforms. Royal guards have worn bearskin hats for about 200 years, symbolizing Britain's military strength. In fact, the first to wear such a hat was the French soldiers, the French army wore this bearskin hat to make the soldiers taller and more intimidating. But after defeating Napoleon's army at the Battle of Waterloo, British soldiers began to wear bearskin hats instead in 1815 to show that they were better at fighting than Napoleon's army.

The Ministry of Defence bought about 50 bearskin hats a year until 2010. An average of £60,000 is spent on hats each year, of which half is spent on new hats and the rest is used to refurbish old ones. However, due to the continuous protests of animal protection groups, the UK decided to stop using wild black bearskin hats from 2011, and replace them with artificial fur.

In London, the easiest place to see the Royal Guard is in front of Buckingham Palace. The Changing of the Guard is held daily from 11:30 a.m. to 12 noon.

The Royal Guard maintains a special relationship with the British Royal Family. It is considered the private army of the British Royal Family, and members of the Royal Family are captains of regiments and honorary colonels of the Royal Guard. The Queen and Prince Charles, who will succeed to the throne, and other members of the royal family regularly visit the Guard units, attend regimental ceremonies and commemorations, and spend time with the servicemen and their families as a family.

The grand gate of Buckingham Palace, the Royal Emblem of Buckingham Palace, the Royal Emblem - panoramio The National emblem of the United Kingdom. The central design is a coat of arms, the upper left and lower right corner of the shield are three golden lions on a red background, symbolizing England; In the upper right corner is a red lion standing on a yellow background, symbolizing Scotland; In the lower left corner is a golden harp on a blue background, representing Northern Ireland. The coat of arms is flanked by a lion wearing a crown, representing England, and a unicorn, representing Scotland.

The changing of the guard. Police on bicycles.

Policewoman standing guard during the Changing of the Guard ceremony

Watch the Changing of the guard ceremony take place in the crowd

At 11 a.m., the Royal Guard began the changing of the guard, led by mounted police.

In front, members of the British Royal Guard wore bearskin hats and red uniforms

A guard of honour playing music and armed guards marched through Buckingham Palace

Police guards on horseback waited outside for the changing of the guard

Police guards on horseback waited outside for the changing of the guard to finish, displaying their tall horses close to the watching crowd

Changing of the guard in the courtyard of Buckingham Palace

Police guards on horseback waited outside for the changing of the guard

After the changing of the guard, the honor guard and the guards marched back to the barracks

The police escorted the honor guard and guards to their barracks after the changing of the guard ceremony

Watch as the Changing of the guard ceremony takes place with Tian Tian and Bao Yun in the crowd

After the changing of the guard, the Praetorian guards returned to the camp

in the crowd

Buckingham Palace Avenue is called The Mall. The green boulevards are quiet again.

After watching The changing of the guard ceremony, at 11:30 p.m., she made a special appointment to experience English afternoon tea at The Ritz London Hotel.

Afternoon tea in England originated in the early 19th century, pioneered by Anna Russell, the 7th Duchess of Bedford. During the Victorian period, people usually ate only two meals, breakfast and dinner. The lady finished her breakfast and felt hungry in the afternoon, but it was long before supper time. So the Duchess spent the afternoon in her room, making tea and some snacks. Afterwards, her ladyship summoned friends to chat and have afternoon tea on her estate, and then went for a walk in the gardens. The move was so popular that the Duchess took her campaign to London for the social season. Soon, other noblewomen followed suit, and such parties became more and more formal and luxurious, setting off a trend of afternoon tea social activities in British upper society. With the popularity of tea, afternoon tea swept the British Isles and eventually became a major cultural imprint of Britain.

Aftarnoon Tea to enjoy:

Time: Traditionally, afternoon tea starts at 4pm.

Setting: The standard accompaniment for English afternoon tea is a three-tiered porcelain dish of dim sum. From bottom to top, sandwiches on the first layer, scones on the second layer, and dessert cakes on the top are the most creative places in each restaurant.

Tea selection: Orthodox afternoon tea generally uses pure tea, such as Darjeeling, Earl Grey tea, Ceylon tea and so on. But now flower tea, fruit tea, milk tea as afternoon tea is also very common, because most modern people prefer low-caffeine tea, modern afternoon tea champagne is also very common.

Order: Refreshments are eaten from light to heavy, salty to sweet, generally from the bottom up, from the bottom layer up, from the salty sandwich to the sweetest cake. For tea, pour the tea first and add milk.

The Ritz Restaurant, where afternoon tea has the title of "the world's first afternoon tea". She made an appointment here to enjoy a luxurious British aristocratic life of the "world's first afternoon tea", when she told me that in the dining here to wear formal clothes, do not need to rent a suit and tie, I feel that such consumption is too luxurious, they said that since they come here, experience the luxury of the British aristocratic afternoon tea life is worthwhile. After watching The changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace, we went to The Ritz Restaurant for afternoon tea. Take a photo with the doorman at the entrance of the hotel, and the moment you step into the Ritz Hotel, it is really a second to become a noble! It was the hot season this time I didn't bring a formal dress, and the hotel kindly lent me a coat and tie for free. Step into the lobby, where glittering chandeliers, towering marble columns and towering floor-to-ceiling Windows overlook a peaceful oasis of green parkland, widely considered one of the most beautiful restaurants in the world. THE hotel has dedicated a gorgeous garden, THE PALM COURT, for guests to enjoy English afternoon tea. From the chandelier curtains to the bone China tea sets, everything is classically luxurious. Whether it is decoration, tea set, or tea, service, are very exquisite, exclamation!

To the sound of piano and harp, you can indulge in exquisite sandwiches, freshly baked traditional muffins, sweet and tempting English pastries, accompanied by a choice of 17 loose leaf teas and signature champagne, as if you were in a Victorian aristocratic afternoon tea.

This kind of high-end consumption (Dian Dian did not tell me how much this afternoon tea cost, I guess at least £300 or more), but also need to book more than three months in advance.

The Ritz Restaurant is the world's number one afternoon tea

Experience afternoon tea at The Ritz Restaurant. At the hotel door with the doorman dressed in business clothes

THE gorgeous courtyard, THE PALM COURT, is where guests can enjoy English afternoon tea

THE gorgeous courtyard, THE PALM COURT, offers English afternoon tea and a glass of champagne per person (£30 for this glass of champagne).

THE gorgeous courtyard, THE PALM COURT, is where guests can enjoy English afternoon tea

To the sound of the piano and harp, enjoy delicate sandwiches, freshly baked traditional muffins, sweet and tempting English pastries, accompanied by a choice of 17 loose leaf teas and the signature champagne

Gorgeous garden - THE PALM COURT

Experience English afternoon tea in THE gorgeous courtyard, THE PALM COURT

Gorgeous garden - THE PALM COURT

Take photos in THE gorgeous garden, THE PALM COURT, an aristocratic setting.

THE gorgeous courtyard - THE PALM COURT piano playing corner

Take photos in THE gorgeous garden, THE PALM COURT, an aristocratic setting.

Leave the hotel at 3:30 in the afternoon, take a taxi to the subway, London taxi is very comfortable and spacious and convenient, the space design is very spacious, the chair is down to sit six people, the chair can be put up to do three people, put four large suitcases, it is very convenient. Then take the tube to Heathrow Airport. London's underground is also well built, modern and comfortable.

Depart London Heathrow International Airport at 6pm on Delta Air Lines flight DL5989 to JFK. The whole journey is 5554 kilometers and the flight is 7 hours. It's just that London Heathrow Airport is so big that it takes 40 minutes to walk to the boarding gate

Due to the time difference of 5 hours, I arrived in New York at 8:30 p.m., completing my first trip to London, England.

Return on Delta Air Lines flight DL5989 from London Heathrow to Kennedy Airport in the United States

Flights from London Heathrow International Airport to Kennedy Airport in the United States

London Heathrow International Airport

Terminal 5, London Heathrow Airport. The airport is one of the busiest and busiest in the world

London Underground (London Underground) is the world's oldest urban underground railway system, is London's urban rail transit system, opened to traffic on January 10, 1863, subway vehicles in the center of London to run on the ground to the suburbs, of which the ground running line accounted for 55%. London built a total of 402 km of underground network, of which 160 km is underground, a total of 11 lines, 272 stations in operation, since 2003, London Underground is part of Transport for London, the company also operates the city bus (including London's famous red double-decker buses) and the London overground rail system. London Underground is a member of the International Metro Union.

London Underground

Travel experience in the UK

I was very content to enjoy a trip to London, England. When I stepped across the zero longitude line at Greenwich Observatory, I really had the feeling that the five oceans and seven continents of the world were standing under my feet, and the pride of having enough was vividly reflected in this moment, which is also the most profound experience of traveling to London.

My daughter, Dian Dian, made a random plan to accompany her parents to travel to Britain before she started her postgraduate study in Columbia University Business School. We came here without any thought preparation and realized our wish to visit the developed capitalist countries in the west. From August 9 to 16, 2024, I spent a week in London, England, on a little bit of water, a quick glance, and a confused tour. When I was exhausted to leave, I felt that London and even the UK was a free world with a profound and rich aftertaste of ancient civilization and profound accumulation of all things and leading the development of modern science and technology. Britain used to be the richest, most developed, most open, most free, most democratic and most diversified country in the world. It is impossible to simply write a travel story. After more than 20 days back, I consulted a lot of materials and learned from similar literatures, and accumulated a messy and rough travel story, which can be regarded as a public welfare activity to introduce jade.

In the words of Samuel Johnson, "When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life, for London has all that life can offer." ‌ is a tourist experience that can more accurately express the impression of Britain. This phrase expresses a deep feeling for London, believing that London is a city full of life and diversity, almost containing all the elements of life. London is not only a geographical location, but also a symbol of a way of life, where history and modernity, luxury and sophistication are perfectly blended. For many, London's food, culture, history and modern art are irresistible charms. In addition, as an international metropolis, London's diverse and open cultural atmosphere and inclusiveness make people from all over the world can find a sense of belonging here. Therefore, for those who leave London, time seems to stand still, and every minute and second is missed by this charming place ‌. Samuel Johnson's words are not only a compliment to London, but also an expression of his love and pursuit of life. It encourages people to explore, to experience, because the beauty in life is often hidden in places and moments that seem ordinary but are full of stories. London, a city that never lacks freshness and excitement, is a vivid embodiment of this philosophy ‌. Yes, in a city of less than 100,000 people, Cambridge has produced 121 Nobel Prize winners for the world, this is London and Britain, if we can't read her, we admire her.

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